國立中興大學教學大綱

課程名稱	(中) 無脊椎動物學(3107)
	(Eng.) Invertebrate Zoology
開課單位	昆蟲系
課程類別	選修			學分	2	授課教師	樂大春
選課單位	昆蟲系 / 學士班			授課使用語言	英文	英文/EMI	Y	開課學期	1122
課程簡述	The approximately 30 invertebrate phyla comprise about 96% of the described species-level animal diversity on our planet; their importance would be difficult to overestimate. The striking structural diversity renders reconstruction of evolutionary relationships among the major invertebrate groups highly difficult. Based on molecular results our view on the evolution of invertebrates underwent dramatic changes in the past two decades; in many cases the available new information necessitated reconsideration of the morphological data. This course offers a detailed and rather advanced level introduction to the invertebrates (including the Chordata but excluding the Vertebrata) from a phylogenetic perspective, primarily designed for graduate students. Breaking with tradition, the course will not require memorization of encyclopedia-like accounts of characters and subgroups of the various phyla from the students, but the focus will be on major architectural patterns in the adult and larval morphology and anatomy, selected phylogenetically significant organ-systems, development, structural and functional adaptations, phylogenetic relationships, and basic bionomics (general life history strategy, trophic roles), whilst higher classification of the respective phyla will be secondary, as the latter information is readily available in textbooks. An attempt will be made to provide the students with an up-to-date view on the invertebrate evolution including the latest developments; controversies and unresolved problems will be highlighted.
先修課程名稱								課程含自主學習	N

課程與核心能力關聯配比(%)			課程目標之教學方法與評量方法
課程目標	核心能力	配比(%)	教學方法	評量方法
On completion of this course the students will understand basic principles of organization and development of the animal body; become familiar with the most important extinct and extant invertebrate groups and their phylogenetic significance; acquire a detailed general background of the evolution of the animal body; have an insight into the dynamically changing field of invertebrate evolution, its ongoing debates and major unresolved problems; and improve their English vocabulary, listening and oral skills.			專題探討/製作 討論 講授	測驗
授課內容(單元名稱與內容、習作/每週授課、考試進度-共18週)
週次 授課內容 第1週 Course introduction. What is an animal? Invertebrates and vertebrates, general overview and diversity. 第2週 Origin of multicellularity; origin of the animals. General morphological and phylogenetic considerations, patterns of symmetry, skeletal systems, general body plans. The fossil record of invertebrates. Pre-Cambrian and Cambrian forms, Cambrian and subsequent radiation events. 第3週 Metazoa with incipient tissue formation: the Porifera. Placozoa: controversies and theories. 第4週 Metazoa at the tissue grade of organization: introduction to the Eumetazoa. Phyla of primarily radial symmetry: the Ctenophora and Cnidaria. The validity of "ParaHoxozoa". Cladogenesis of the lower Metazoa. 第5週 An introduction to the bilateral phyla. Origin of the Bilateria. Cleavage and determinate development. Origin of the mesoderm, types of mesoderm formation. Phylogenetic significance of larval types. Body cavities, their organization and significance in classification. Origin and types of metamerism. Main organ-systems and their implications on phylogeny. 第6週 The major evolutionary lineages of Bilateria. The placement of Xenoturbella; Xenocoelomorpha. Nephrozoa; Protostomia and Deuterostomia. An introduction to the Protostomia, problems about its monophyly, its two major lineages. An introduction to the Spiralia. Gnathifera. 第7週 Lophotrochozoa (1) — the Mollusca. 第8週 Lophotrochozoa (2) — the acoelomate phyla. Platyhelminthes: a brief overview of the groups constituting the former (non-monophyletic) "Turbellaria" and the Neodermata. Nemertea and controversies of its systematic placement. 第9週 Mid-semester test. 第10週 Lophotrochozoa (3) — the Annelida. Evolution of metamerism. Sipunculida, Echiurida, Pogonophora and their placement within Annelida. 第11週 Lophotrochozoa (4) — the Lophophorata. A summary of Spiralia: modern theories and unresolved problems in their phylogeny; Gastrotricha, problems in establishing its phylogenetic position; enigmatic spiralians (Entoprocta, Cycliophora) and possibly-spiralians (Rhombozoa and Orthonectida). 第12週 Ecdysozoa (1) — an introduction, general characteristics. The nematoid lineage (Nematoda and Nematomorpha). 第13週 Ecdysozoa (2) — The Panarthropoda (1): origin and general organization. Metamerism and the problem of homologies. Onychophora and Tardigrada. Arthropoda: general assessment; the generalized arthropod segment and appendage; tagmosis, ways of cephalization and functional subdivisions of the trunk; development. 第14週 Ecdysozoa (3) — The Panarthropoda (2): fossil record, early cladogenesis. Major fossil and extant lineages (1). 第15週 Ecdysozoa (4) — The Panarthropoda (3): major fossil and extant lineages (2). Smaller ecdysozoan phyla: Scalidophora. A summary of Ecdysozoa: modern theories and unresolved problems in their phylogeny. 第16週 An introduction to Deuterostomia. The Echinodermata. 第17週 The Hemichordata. The Chordata: Cephalochordata and Tunicata. The ancestry of the vertebrates based on morphological, developmental and molecular evidence. 第18週 Final test.
學習評量方式
Mid-semester test results: 40% Final test results: 60%
教科書＆參考書目(書名、作者、書局、代理商、說明)
Brusca, R.C., Moore, W. & Shuster, S.M. (2016) Invertebrates. (Third edition.) Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, xix+1104 pp. Giribet, G. & Edgecombe, G.D. (2020) The invertebrate Tree of Life. Princeton University Press, Princeton, xvi+589 pp. Pechenik, J.A. (2016) Biology of the invertebrates. (Ed. 7.) McGraw-Hill, New York, xvii+606 pp.
課程教材（教師個人網址請列在本校內之網址）
課程輔導時間
聯合國全球永續發展目標
提供體驗課程：N

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更新日期 西元年/月/日：無	列印日期 西元年/月/日：2024 / 4 / 28
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