NCHU Course Outline
Course Name (中) 量子資訊安全入門(6925)
(Eng.) Introduction to Quantum Cybersecurity
Offering Dept Graduate Institute of Data Science and Information Computing
Course Type Elective Credits 3 Teacher Yu-Tsung Tai
Department Graduate Institute of Data Science and Information Computing / Graduate Language 中/英文 英文/EMI Semester 2025-SPRING
Course Description 雖然有雜訊的中等規模量子電腦還在研發當中，但已在資訊安全方面起到了積極的作用。例如，為了避免亂數產生器被破解，現在已可用量子方法生成亂數；或於加密通訊時改由量子通訊分發密鑰，以避免密鑰分發時被竊聽者攻擊。但也對資訊安全提供新的挑戰，例如如果未來真的研發出了通用型量子電腦，就有機會實現 Shor 演算法破解長久廣乏使用的 Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) 加密演算法。本課程會照著授課教師之前錄製的磨課師課程 [1,2]，從傳統的加密演算法及其安全性開始，逐步引入量子計算的基本概念、量子密鑰分發及量子亂數產生器，及如何在 Python 裡實作這些演算法。以為考過IBM Qiskit 0.2X 版的量子計算證照及未來自學 Shor 演算法做好準備。
Although a noisy intermediate scalable quantum computer is still being researched and developed, its potential has already impacted various areas of information security. To defend against random number generator attacks, we may generate better random numbers quantumly. Although a scalable quantum computer has potential to implement Shor’s algorithm to defeat one of the most widely used Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) cryptosystem, a cryptosystem with keys distributed in quantum processes could be provably secure against classical and quantum adversaries. In this course, we will follow my previous recorded online MOOCS course [1,2], start from classical RSA algorithm, step-by-step introducing the foundational concept of quantum computing, quantum random number generators, quantum key distribution, and implement these algorithms in Python. Hence, students could be well-prepared for IBM Quantum Computation using Qiskit v0.2X Certification and self-study Shor’s algorithm later.
Prerequisites
self-directed learning in the course N
Relevance of Course Objectives and Core Learning Outcomes(%) Teaching and Assessment Methods for Course Objectives
Course Objectives Competency Indicators Ratio(%) Teaching Methods Assessment Methods
1. 了解何為加密並在 Python 裡實做現有的對稱和非對稱加密演算法。
Understand what is cryptography and implement classical symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic algorithms in Python.
2. 了解實做量子計算所需的物理現象。
Understand the physical phenomena to implement the quantum computing.
3. 熟悉利用 qiskit 套件開發量子計算程式的基本概念，以為通過 IBM Qiskit 0.2X 版的量子計算證照做好準備 [3]。
Familiar with developing quantum computing programs in Python with the qiskit package to prepare for IBM Quantum Computation using Qiskit v0.2X Certification [3].
1.Mathematical Thinking and Logic
5.Mathematical Modeling and Software Application
60
40
Exercises
Lecturing
Assignment
Quiz
Course Content and Homework/Schedule/Tests Schedule
Week Course Content
Week 1 Wireshark and RSA Framework [4]
Week 2 2025年02月08日和平紀念日自我學習量子資訊入門磨課師課程 [1,2]中的單元1：Procedure of the RSA Algorithm
Observe Peace Memorial Day on Feb. 28th, 2025 and Self-Study “Unit 1: Procedure of the RSA Algorithm” in “Introduction to Quantum Information” online course [1,2]
Week 3 Use openssl to Generate RSA keys
Week 4 How to Compute 𝚙𝚘𝚠(2, 𝑑) % 𝑛 More Efficiently?
Week 5 Time Complexity of Different Methods to Compute 𝚙𝚘𝚠(2, 𝑑) % 𝑛
Week 6 An Encryption Protocol Is Not Considered as Secure if There Is a Polynomial Algorithm [5] for Eavesdroppers to Decrypt the Secret
Week 7 2025年04月04日民族掃墓節自我學習量子資訊入門磨課師課程 [1,2]中的單元2：Security of the RSA Algorithm
Observe Tomb Sweeping Festival on Apr. 4th, 2025 and Self-Study “Unit 2: Security of the RSA Algorithm” in “Introduction to Quantum Information” online course [1,2]
Week 8 How 𝗣 = 𝗡𝗣 or Scalable Quantum Computers Might Deprecate Cipher Techniques in the Future? And the Possible Need to Upgrade to Quantum-Resistant or Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Algorithms
Week 9 Compare Qiskit and Assembly-Language [6] Programming
Week 10 Qubit implemented by Polarization [7] and Attending a Presentation [8] in 資訊科學大樓502室 11:10-12:00
Week 11 Qubit Implementations [9] and Running Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Algorithm on IBM Quantum [10]
Week 12 Verify the Security of QKD and Using RY(𝜃) Gate [13] to Generating Any Real 1-Qubit State
Week 13 Utilize Quantum Circuit to Do Classical Computation
Understand X, H, CX Gates and Multiple Qubits [11] via the Statevector Panel [12]
Measure 1-Qubit State [11]
Deutsch’s algorithm [14]
Export Composed Quantum Program into Python [15]
Computing Probability of Measuring 1-Qubit States
Set up Python Environments in Visual Studio Code
Practice Anaconda, GitHub, and Git in Visual Studio Code
Week 14 Understand Git Commands Corresponding to the Operations in Visual Studio Code [16] and GitHub
Week 15 2025年05月30日補端午節的假自我學習量子計算入門磨課師課程 [17,18]中的單元 1：Complex Vector Space
Observe Dragon Boat Festival on May 30th, 2025 Moved from May 31st, 2025 and Self-Study “Unit 1: Complex Vector Space” in “Introduction to Quantum Computation” online course [17,18]
Week 16 Practice Previous Final Exam and Study Guide of Qiskit v0.2X Certification [3]
Week 17 Final Exam
Make-up Exam and Review of Final Exam
Week 18 Make-up Exam and Review of Final Exam
Evaluation
• 50% (期末考試) + 50% (作業，至少可以去掉一次最低分的)
• Passing one cybersecurity certification, passing IBM Qiskit v0.2X, finishing one bonus assignment, or attending CYBERSEC 2025 will add 1% extra point of the total grade until 100%. The same certification counted in previous courses would not be used to add extra points again in this course.
Textbook & other References
本課程會照著授課教師之前錄製的磨課師課程教授 [2]，並試著補充其中不完整的細節，及輔導學生實際操作練習。對於註冊磨課師課程有困難的同學，也可以在YouTube上觀看 [1]。偏好閱讀實體課本及想進一步了解Shor演算法的同學可以參考 [19]和 [20]。
We will follow my previous recorded online MOOCS course [2] with more supplementary details, and in class practices. For students who has any difficulty to registry MOOCS platform, you may also watch the full MOOCS course on YouTube [1]. For those who prefer to study paper-based textbooks or want to further study Shor’s algorithm could check [19] and [20].

References
[1] 淯琮 戴. (2023, Nov.) 量子資訊入門. YouTube. [Online]. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLQn99bzkJv9yEGLsRwxuCCBbh_mYHUcHB
[2] 淯琮 戴. (2024, Apr.) 量子資訊入門. edu磨課師+. [Online]. https://moocs.moe.edu.tw/moocs/#/course/detail/10002212
[3] IBM. IBM Certified Associate Developer - Quantum Computation using Qiskit v0.2X. [Online]. https://www.ibm.com/training/certification/ibm-certified-associate-developer-quantum-computation-using-qiskit-v02x-C0010300
[4] Wireshark Foundation. (2024, Nov.) Transport Layer Security (TLS). Wireshark Wiki. [Online]. https://wiki.wireshark.org/TLS
[5] Kenneth Rosen, Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, 8th ed.: McGraw-Hill Education, 2019.
[6] Mikejo5000 et al. (2024, Jan.) View disassembly code in the Visual Studio debugger (C#, C++, Visual Basic, F#). [Online]. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/debugger/how-to-use-the-disassembly-window
[7] Douglas Giancoli, Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, 5th ed.: Pearson Education, 2023.
[8] Chi-Kwong Li, Efficient Circuit-Based Quantum State Tomography via Sparse Entry Optimization, Apr. 25, 2025.
[9] Resonance Alliance Inc. (2020, May) TQD Exclusive: A Detailed Review of Qubit Implementations for Quantum Computing. Quantum Insider. [Online]. https://thequantuminsider.com/2020/05/21/tqd-exclusive-a-detailed-review-of-qubit-implementations-for-quantum-computing/
[10] IBM. (2021) IBM Quantum. [Online]. https://quantum.ibm.com/
[11] John Watrous. (2023, Mar.) Basics of Quantum Information. IBM Quantum Learning. [Online]. https://learning.quantum.ibm.com/course/basics-of-quantum-information
[12] IBM. Explore gates and circuits with IBM Quantum Composer. IBM Quantum Learning. [Online]. https://learning.quantum.ibm.com/tutorial/explore-gates-and-circuits-with-the-quantum-composer
[13] IBM Quantum Documentation. (2024, Dec.) RYGate. Qiskit SDK. [Online]. https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/api/qiskit/qiskit.circuit.library.RYGate
[14] John Watrous. (2023, June) Quantum query algorithms. IBM Quantum Learning. [Online]. https://learning.quantum.ibm.com/course/fundamentals-of-quantum-algorithms/quantum-query-algorithms
[15] IBM. (2025, Jan.) Guides. IBM Quantum Documentation. [Online]. https://docs.quantum.ibm.com/guides
[16] Microsoft. (2025, Jan.) Using Git source control in VS Code. Visual Studio Code documentation. [Online]. https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/sourcecontrol/overview
[17] 寶達 游 and 淯琮 戴. (2024, Apr.) 量子計算入門. edu磨課師+. [Online]. https://moocs.moe.edu.tw/moocs/#/course/detail/10002211
[18] 寶達 游 and 淯琮 戴. (2023, Oct.) 量子計算入門. YouTube. [Online]. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLQn99bzkJv9w41g62mZGxqh-09wMzkX5t
[19] N. David Mermin, Quantum Computer Science.: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
[20] 振瑞 江, 輕鬆學量子程式設計 : 從量子位元到量子演算法. 臺北市: 碁峰資訊股份有限公司, 2022.
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